Difference Between Scalar and Vector Quantity

Scalar quantity refers to the quantity, which has only magnitude and no direction. On the other hand, vector quantity implies the physical quantity which comprises of both magnitude and direction.

Physics is a science based on mathematics. While studying physics, we go through a number of concepts and notions, which rely on mathematics. The mathematical quantities explaining the motion of a body are bifurcated into two groups, i.e. scalar quantity and vector quantity.

For a layperson, the two terms, are same, but in the world of physics, there is a huge difference between scalar and vector quantity. So, take a look at the article provided to you, for better understanding.

Content: Scalar Quantity Vs Vector Quantity

1. Comparison Chart
2. Definition
3. Key Differences
4. Conclusion

Comparison Chart

Basis for Comparison	Scalar Quantity	Vector Quantity
Meaning	Any physical quantity that does not include direction is known as scalar quantity.	Vector quantity is one, that has both magnitude and direction.
Quantities	One-dimensional quantities	Multi-dimensional quantities
Change	It changes with the change in their magnitude.	It changes with the change in their direction or magnitude or both.
Operations	Follow ordinary rules of algebra.	Follow rules of vector algebra.
Comparison of two quantities	Simple	Complex
Division	Scalar can divide another scalar.	Two vectors can never divide.

Definition of Scalar Quantity

The term ‘scalar quantity’ is defined as a quantity that has only one element of a number field, attached to a unit of measurements, such as degrees or meters. It is a quantity that exhibits magnitude or size only, i.e. it is defined by a numerical value, along with a measurement unit. For example, Speed of the car, body temperature, distance between two locations, etc.

The rules of ordinary algebra can be applied for combining scalar quantities, such that scalars can be added, subtracted or multiplied, in the same way, as numbers. However, the operation of the scalar can only be possible, for the quantities with the same measurement unit.

Definition of Vector Quantity

A mathematical quantity that needs two independent characteristics to describe it completely, i.e. magnitude and direction. Here magnitude represents the size of the quantity which is also its absolute value, while direction represents the side, i.e. east, west, north, south, etc. For example, Displacement between two points, velocity and acceleration of a moving body, force, weight, etc.

A vector quantity follows the triangle law of addition. An arrow is used to indicate vector quantity, placed over or next to the symbol that denotes vector.

Conclusion

In short, scalar quantity gives you an idea about how much of an object there is, but vector quantity gives you an indication of how much of an object there is and that also in which direction. So, the main difference between these two quantities is associated with the direction, i.e. scalars do not have direction but vectors do.