LIFO, is a form of inventory management wherein the product or material received last, is consumed first and thus the stock in hand, consist of earliest consignment. On the other hand, FIFO is another method of inventory management, in which the material received first is consumed first, i.e. the issue of goods is done from the earliest lot and the stock in hand comprise of the latest lot. Inventory management is a tough task for the organizations that are completely stock oriented. Many … [Read more...]

Performance Appraisal implies a rational assessment of the performance of an individual, based on pre-determined standards. On the other hand, performance management alludes to the management of performance of the manpower working in an organization. While Performance Appraisal is a yearly system while if we talk about Performance Management, it is a continuous process that does not occur eventually. What kind of evaluation process is adopted by the organization is one of the biggest … [Read more...]

Growth and expansion are the two needs of every firm, irrespective of its size and nature. Firms can grow and expand themselves by way of integration. There are two major forms of integration, i.e. Horizontal Integration and Vertical Integration. Horizontal Integration is a kind of business expansion strategy, wherein the company acquires same business line or at the same level of value chain so as to eliminate competition to a greater extent. Conversely, Vertical Integration is used to rule … [Read more...]

In an organization, there are hundreds of people working in the organization, which can be distinguished by the color of the dress worn by them. The color of the uniform specifies the job performed by the workers in the organization. Blue collar jobs are the jobs whereby the person performing the job does manual labor and gets an hourly or daily wage, based on the performance of their work. The second kind of jobs are the white collar jobs, wherein the employee does clerical work in an office … [Read more...]

The success of the organization depends on its employees and the ones to whom they are accountable, i.e. Managers and Supervisors. These are two important positions in an organization, which guide the entire team of workers, in the pursuit of common goals of the organization. Managers are the ones who control and administer the entire enterprise, On the other hand, Supervisor is someone who is the leader in the first line management of the organization and thus looks after the work and … [Read more...]

In layman language, CRM is a software that manages the relationship with customers and clients of the organization while ERP is a unified software program that manages the business processes of the entire organization. It lays emphasis on the planning of the resources of an enterprise to increase efficiency, effectiveness and economy of the enterprise. Customer Relationship Management (CRM) and Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) are the two software, which is implemented by the companies in … [Read more...]

Based on competition, the market structure has been classified into two broad categories like Perfectly competitive and Imperfectly competitive. Perfect Competition is not found in the real world market because it is based on many assumptions. But an Imperfect Competition is associated with a practical approach. The type of market structure decides the market share of a firm in the market. If there exists a single firm, it will serve the entire market, and the demand of the customers are … [Read more...]

In a market, you can find different forms of imperfect competition for different products and services. Monopoly and oligopoly are two of them, wherein monopoly can be seen for those products which do not have competition, while oligopoly can be observed for the items with stiff competition. Monopoly is a market condition whereby only one seller is selling an entirely heterogeneous product at the marketplace, having no close substitutes to the product offered by the seller. On the other hand, … [Read more...]

A businessman walks on the defined path, but an entrepreneur believes in making his own path, which becomes a guideline for other businessmen. Most of the people have a misconception that the terms businessman and entrepreneur, carry the same meaning, due to which they use them interchangeably. A businessman is a person who runs the business, undertaking an unoriginal business idea.  On the contrary, an entrepreneur is someone who first initiates a product or business idea and thus the … [Read more...]

Advertising is marketing as well as a promotional tool in the hands of the company which conveys a message about the company or a product to the viewers, listeners or readers. It is aimed at persuading customers, to choose the company's product over the product offered by the competitors. Publicity is another promotional tool, but it is not same as advertising. It is based on reality as t is neither sponsored nor it is under the control of any company or its representatives. While … [Read more...]