Both illusion and hallucination are perceptual disturbances. Hallucination is a false perception or wrong perception, in the absence of any object. On the other hand, the illusion is a false perception or perception in a wrong manner of a real object. So, in the case of hallucination, there is no object present, but it is the person who perceives that there is some object, but in the other case the person perceives an object differently than it is actually. When there is hallucination, an … [Read more...]

Do you know our sensory organs i.e. eyes, nose, ears, tongue, skin, etc. provide fresh information about the inside and the outside world? The primary experience of a stimulus identified by a specific sensory organ is called sensation. With this process, the information from the external world reaches our brain. On the other hand, the process with which we interpret the sensations experienced by us in our day-to-day life and then we act upon them is called perception. In this process, an … [Read more...]

Disguised Unemployment refers to a form of unemployment that cannot be seen or noticed from outside, as it remains hidden. Basically, in disguised unemployment, it looks like everyone is employed however, ample full-time work is not available for all. On the contrary, Seasonal Unemployment is that type of unemployment in which people are not able to find any work for themselves during certain months of the year. What is Unemployment? Unemployment can be defined as a state of being without paid … [Read more...]

Cooperative Learning and Collaborative Learning are commonly used in group activities aimed to attain a common objective. In collaborative learning, it is the students who organize their efforts among themselves. In short, it is group structured. On the other side, in cooperative learning, students are divided into groups and the teacher assigns specific roles and tasks to each student, and so it is a teacher-structured activity. While collaborative learning is a voluntary activity, wherein … [Read more...]

In olden times, in the absence of any medium of communication and technology, people used to store data in the form of written records. During that time, people used to write on palm leaves or bark of a tree and that handwritten sheet is popularly known as a manuscript. A script is a form of writing, which over a period of time evolved as language and then it is developed as literature. At that time, important messages and memories are engraved on rocks, pillars, clay tablets, and copper … [Read more...]

Demonstrations, strikes, agitation, protests, etc. by various groups like employees, doctors, students, lawyers and farmers, are very common activities these days. Sometimes these activities are undertaken by formally organized groups such as Trade Union, Doctor's Association, Teacher's Association, etc. to exercise pressure on the government for framing policies, withdrawing bills or implementing laws in a manner that suits their interest. Such groups are called interest groups. An interest … [Read more...]

Learning is automatic, i.e. we see things, we observe them and then learn something new through our experiences in our day to day life. So, it is a continuous process and also a life long one. Learning can be intentional or unintentional, conscious or unconscious, for better or for worse. On the other hand, the word 'education' is interpreted differently by different human beings. While for some it is a synonym for formal schooling, others take it as lifelong learning. There are also people … [Read more...]

Active Learning is one in which interactive methods are used which improves learning by allowing the learners to participate in the process. On the contrary, passive learning is one in which the students are held accountable for grasping all that is presented to them. While in passive learning you have to wait for the direction, instruction or information from the instructor to be given to you, in active learning you look for different methods to increase your involvement in the learning … [Read more...]

In active listening, the listener carefully pays attention to the words of the speaker and responds accordingly. On the other hand, in the case of passive listening, the listener only hears the speaker's statement but does not respond to it. An active listener is one that pays complete attention to the physical details of the speaker, for example, appearance, body language, expressions, etc. which play a crucial role in translating the meaning of the spoken matter. Oppositely, a passive … [Read more...]

Making mistakes and learning from them, that's what childhood is all about. Parents try different methods to correct the behaviour of their kid, such as discipline and punishment. Discipline has a very positive impact on the child which not just teaches, or encourages but also helps them know about the standard code of behaviour, which is expected from them. On the other hand, punishment is used to reduce the recurrence of the misbehaviour by penalizing the child for unwanted behaviour. Its … [Read more...]