Democracy is that form of government in which the supreme power lies in the hands of the people. In a democratic country, every citizen has one vote, that can be cast in favour or against the government policy. Further, in a democracy, the response of the citizens acts as the foundation of the government. It can be in the form of direct democracy or indirect democracy. Direct democracy refers to the system in which citizens has the right to take part in the decision making process. On the … [Read more...]

Lokpal is an ombudsman appointed to work on citizens complaints and grievances regarding corruption at the central level. On the other hand, at the state level, Lokayukta is set up to take action against the corruption complaints made by the residents of the state. Corruption, in simple terms, refers to the unauthorized use of public power, typically by a public servant or by an elected politician. It is a dishonest act, which is not permitted in the eyes of law. Many countries have … [Read more...]

Diplomatic Mission, or otherwise called as a foreign mission, is a group of individuals, that represent their country in a foreign country officially. Apart from representing the state, it protects the citizens in the foreign country, negotiate with the host country on different matters, and foster friendly relations. It includes embassies or high commission and consulates. An Embassy is termed as a foreign mission of a country, represented by diplomats in another country. On the contrary, … [Read more...]

Every country in the world has its own constitution, according to which policies are framed, government bodies and institutions function and decisions are made. In finer terms, it is the constitution, that covers all the aspects of the political system adopted by the country. There are two forms of government, Parliamentary and Presidential. In Parliamentary System, the political party winning the majority seats in the parliament makes the government and elects a person from among themselves as … [Read more...]

In India, the bicameral legislature is present both at the central and the state level. In the states, the bicameral structure composes of the Legislative Assembly, Legislative Council and the Governor. However, it can be found only in 5 states while the rest 23 states follow unicameral legislature, i.e. the Legislative Assembly and Governor. The Legislative Assembly or Vidhan Sabha is the lower house of the legislature, whose powers and functions are equal to the Lok Sabha working at the … [Read more...]

First Past the Post, is a voting method, in which citizens of a constituency cast votes for the candidate, whom they wish to represent them in the Parliament. On the other hand, Proportional Representation is the system of election in which the people cast their votes directly to a political party. According to universal adult franchise all citizens of the country, who have attained the age of 18 years can cast a vote and take part in the formation of the government. In this way, the people … [Read more...]

In the legislation, all the proposals are brought in Parliament, for discussion as bills. When a bill is passed by both the chambers of the Parliament and approved by the President, it turns out as an Act. The Speaker decides whether a bill is an ordinary bill or a money bill. An ordinary bill is a bill that can be presented for discussion in any of the two houses of the Parliament, by a minister or private member. On the contrary, a money bill is presented in the lower house of the … [Read more...]

In the constitution, 'Rights' has a great role to play in the sustenance of the democracy. It allows the citizens to express their views, form political parties and participate in the political activities. It also safeguard the interest of minority people. Rights are nothing but the reasonable claims which are accepted by society and approved by the law. Fundamental rights are important for the very existence and development of the citizens. Fundamental Rights are often compared and … [Read more...]

The statute is defined as the will or order of legislature, which is expressed in the form of text. The traditional way to interpret or construe a statute is to understand the intention of the legislature. The intention of the legislature could incorporate the actual meaning and the object. The process of interpretation and construction assist the judiciary body in determining the meaning and purpose of the legislature. Interpretation helps in determining the real meaning and intention of the … [Read more...]

The basic difference between mediation and conciliation is based on the role played by the third party who is selected by the parties seeking a settlement, in consensus. In mediation, the mediator acts as a facilitator who helps the parties in agreeing. Conversely, in conciliation, the conciliator is more like an interventionist who provides probable solutions to the parties concerned, to settle disputes. Alternate Dispute Resolution (ADR) is a dispute resolution method that employs … [Read more...]