In India, the bicameral legislature is present both at the central and the state level. In the states, the bicameral structure composes of the Legislative Assembly, Legislative Council and the Governor. However, it can be found only in 5 states while the rest 23 states follow unicameral legislature, i.e. the Legislative Assembly and Governor. The Legislative Assembly or Vidhan Sabha is the lower house of the legislature, whose powers and functions are equal to the Lok Sabha working at the … [Read more...]

First Past the Post, is a voting method, in which citizens of a constituency cast votes for the candidate, whom they wish to represent them in the Parliament. On the other hand, Proportional Representation is the system of election in which the people cast their votes directly to a political party. According to universal adult franchise all citizens of the country, who have attained the age of 18 years can cast a vote and take part in the formation of the government. In this way, the people … [Read more...]

In the legislation, all the proposals are brought in Parliament, for discussion as bills. When a bill is passed by both the chambers of the Parliament and approved by the President, it turns out as an Act. The Speaker decides whether a bill is an ordinary bill or a money bill. An ordinary bill is a bill that can be presented for discussion in any of the two houses of the Parliament, by a minister or private member. On the contrary, a money bill is presented in the lower house of the … [Read more...]

In the constitution, 'Rights' has a great role to play in the sustenance of the democracy. It allows the citizens to express their views, form political parties and participate in the political activities. It also safeguard the interest of minority people. Rights are nothing but the reasonable claims which are accepted by society and approved by the law. Fundamental rights are important for the very existence and development of the citizens. Fundamental Rights are often compared and … [Read more...]

The statute is defined as the will or order of legislature, which is expressed in the form of text. The traditional way to interpret or construe a statute is to understand the intention of the legislature. The intention of the legislature could incorporate the actual meaning and the object. The process of interpretation and construction assist the judiciary body in determining the meaning and purpose of the legislature. Interpretation helps in determining the real meaning and intention of the … [Read more...]

The basic difference between mediation and conciliation is based on the role played by the third party who is selected by the parties seeking a settlement, in consensus. In mediation, the mediator acts as a facilitator who helps the parties in agreeing. Conversely, in conciliation, the conciliator is more like an interventionist who provides probable solutions to the parties concerned, to settle disputes. Alternate Dispute Resolution (ADR) is a dispute resolution method that employs … [Read more...]

The intention is the basic element for making a person liable for the crime, which is commonly contrasted with motive. Though we often use the two terms interchangeably, these are different in the eyes of law. While intention means the purpose of doing something, motive determines the reason for committing an act. The primary difference between intention and motive is that intention specifically indicates the mental state of the accused, i.e. what's going on in his mind, at the time of the … [Read more...]

Litigation implies a method in which dispute between two parties is resolved by going court, for the judgement. However, due to the rigidity and high cost involved in the litigation process, there are instances when parties go to arbitration. Arbitration is a method of settling a dispute between parties wherein an independent person, selected by the parties mutually to decide the case. The basic difference between arbitration and litigation is that court is involved in the case of litigation, … [Read more...]

In general, 'rights' refers to the moral or legal entitlement over something. As per law, rights are considered as the reasonable claim of the individuals which are accepted by the society and approved by statute. It can be fundamental rights or human rights. The rights which are fundamental to the life of the citizens of a country are known as fundamental rights. On the other hand, human rights imply the rights that belong to all the human beings irrespective of their nationality, race, … [Read more...]

Every person has to make the decision once in his/her life, as to who is going to be the ultimate beneficiary of the property, after his/her demise. It is important to determine whose hands will get the property legally, i.e. legal heir or nominee. The two can be the same person, but not in all the cases. A nominee is someone, who is nominated by the deceased person when he/she is alive, to take care of the assets and investments after his/her demise. On the contrary, the legal heir is the … [Read more...]